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De Materia Medica
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Quick Facts:
Black tea is a
variety of tea that is more oxidized than the green, oolong
and white varieties.
Black tea is
generally stronger in flavor and contains more caffeine than
the less oxidized teas.
Black tea retains its
flavor for several years.
In Chinese and culturally
influenced languages, black tea is known as "red tea"
.
Healthy Teas: Green-Black-Herbal-Fruit
Nutritional Information
Plain black tea without sweeteners or
additives contains negligible quantities of calories,
protein, sodium, and fat. Some flavored tea with different
herbs added may have less than 1 gram of carbohydrates. All
teas from the camellia tea plant are rich in polyphenols,
which are a type of antioxidant.
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De Materia Medica
Precursor to all modern
pharmacopeias, and one of the most influential herbal books in
history.
Pedanius Dioscorides
(Greek: Πεδάνιος Διοσκορίδης; ca. 40-ca. 90) was an
ancient Greek physician, pharmacologist and botanist
from Anazarbus, Cilicia, Asia Minor, who practiced
in ancient Rome during the time of Nero. He had the
opportunity to travel extensively seeking medicinal
substances from all over the Roman and Greek world.
 Dioscorides is famous for
writing a five volume book De Materia Medica
that is a precursor to all modern pharmacopeias, and
is one of the most influential herbal books in
history. In fact it remained in use until about CE
1600. Unlike many classical authors, his works were
not "rediscovered" in the Renaissance, because his
book never left circulation. The Materia Medica
was often reproduced in manuscript form through the
centuries, often with commentary on Dioscorides'
work and with minor additions from Arabic and Indian
sources, though there were some advancements in
herbal science among the Arabic additions.
The Materia Medica
is important not just for the history of herbal
science: it also gives us a knowledge of the herbs
and remedies used by the Greeks, Romans, and other
cultures of antiquity. The work also records the
Dacian and Thracian names for some plants, which
otherwise would have been lost. The work presents
about 500 plants in all, although the descriptions
are obscurely phrased, and as Duane Isely puts it
"numerous individuals from the Middle Ages on have
struggled with the identity of the recondite kinds",
and characterizes most of the identifications of
Gunther et al as "educated guesses".
A number of illustrated manuscripts of
the Materia Medica survive, some of them from as early as the
5th through 7th centuries. The most famous of these early copies is
the Vienna Dioscurides (512/513).
Plates showing many pages from an original
illuminated Greek manuscript of the Materia Medica
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by Richard Evans Schultes
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Dioscorides is famous for
writing a five volume book De Materia Medica
that is a precursor to all modern pharmacopeias, and
is one of the most influential herbal books in
history. In fact it remained in use until about CE
1600. Unlike many classical authors, his works were
not "rediscovered" in the Renaissance, because his
book never left circulation. The Materia Medica
was often reproduced in manuscript form through the
centuries, often with commentary on Dioscorides'
work and with minor additions from Arabic and Indian
sources, though there were some advancements in
herbal science among the Arabic additions.